The management of thyroid eye disease (TED) includes conservative treatment, topical and systemic medical therapies, optical treatment (such as Fresnel prisms or occlusion therapy for diplopia), various periocular injectables (botulinum toxin, hyaluronic acid gels, steroid), orbital irradiation, and surgical treatment. Generally speaking, surgery is indicated for more severe cases (such as refractory compressive optic neuropathy, severe proptosis with refractory exposure keratopathy, strabismus with diplopia, severe disfigurement due to proptosis and eyelid asymmetry).
In this presentation, we will discuss the more common types of surgery in TED, including orbital decompression, squint surgeries and eyelid surgeries.
